Chapter 26 Ap Bio Notes

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Chapter 26: Phylogeny and the Tree of life.

Phylogeny: the evolutionary muniment of a species or group of species.
To contract a phylogeny, biologists role schemaatics, a discipline focused on classifying existences and determining their evolutionary relationships. Systematists use data ranging from fossils to molecules to infer evolutionary relationships.

Homologous structures: Structures passed mess and shared between organisms due to common ancestry (and homological traits) ex: tails.

Analogous structures: While the organisms might have a common ancestor, these structures evolved independently. Ex: octopus eye and human eye
Taxonomy: the scientific discipline of the classification and naming of organisms.

Binomial Nomenclature: A two part format of the scientific name of the organism that consists of the genus and species of the organism. This was created by Carolus Linnaeus. The first letter of the genus is capitalized and the entire binomial is italicized. This was through in order to avoid ambiguity when communicating most research. Yet, the system isnt entirely foolproof.

Domain Eukarya Taxon: The named taxonomical unit at any level of the hierarchy. Ex:
country Animalia phylum Chordata is a taxon at the phylum level.




Phylum Chordata The evolutionary history of a group of organisms can be represented
Class Mammalia in a branching draw called a phylogenetic tree. The branching
Order Hominidae pattern, in round cases, matches the hierarchical classification of Family groups nested within more inclusive groups. In addition the
Genus Homo categories in the Linnaean classification system may provide little info
Species sapiens about phylogeny. We may distinguish between 17 families of lizards...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay



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