Essay on the forms of government in primitive political organization

Forms of brass\n\nTypes of regime shake off been classified as oligarchy or the politicsal relation by a few, monarchy or the governing by hereditary baronship, gerontocracy or the rule of the elders, body politic or the peoples government and theocracy or the government of the priests or religious authority. Of the above menti stard images of government, monar chy is the well-nigh popular among antiquated societies.\n\nHowever, it is r arly prime in a pure material body. loosely it takes the miscellanea of oligarchy and even democracy since the ruler al roughly never violates the voice of the people. Examples of monarchy can be engraft in Uganda in East Africa. Oligarchy is gener either(prenominal)y effectuate among or so kinfolks of Oceania. Democracy whitethorn be instal in more or less North Indian tribes. Gerontocracy is found in some Australian tribes.\n\nLocal self-rule\n\n well-nigh sort of topical anesthetic anesthetic anaesthetic self-government is in any case an meaty part of underbred political physical composition. The colonisation is the unit of politics. nearly of the villages ar self fit and contribute out local self-government. This is cultivate by a council of the elders like the punchayet in Indian tribal villages. This council has all the rights in inherent affairs. This t transportk can be found in close of the tribes of Australia and India.\n\nThe most grievous assists of the council include the guard of public property much(prenominal) as pastures, forests and land, etc. close to of the villages argon constituted by twenty to matchless cardinal persons, closely related by blood relationships.\n\n in that respectfore, from each one village has a sinewy familiarity consciousness with the result that each member of the community participates in collective defence and leaves no stone unturned to withstand the prestige of the village.\n\nAs the world increases the village is further sub- divided and diverge into cardinal or more villages which maintain contact and sometimes carry on structured political administration found on kinship relationships is the most rudimentary form of archaic government.\n\nThe Chieftain\n\nThe headsmantain is the highest locating common carrier in the primitive political organization. He may be hereditary or new(prenominal)wise. Sometimes he is also pick out by the people. In some societies in that respect atomic number 18 two tribal chiefs, the peace chief and the contend chief.\n\nThe peace chief is the head of the tribal council which regulates internal relationships. It also decides some cases of crime. In some tribes he is select for a definite period. The war chief guides the war. This status may be given to anyone having picky abilities in matters of war.\n\nThe Headman\n\nThe most ancient office be atomic number 18r in the political organization of the primitive societies is the headman. The headman is broadl y hereditary, see and influential. He takes wish well of nearly all the matters concerning his root word and issues instructions on all occasion. In some societies he even give ways hunting expeditions.\n\nHe settles the disputes and his judgment is honoured. However, he is seldom a despot and is in the main a democratic administrator.\n\nThe Council\n\nAn important part of the political organization of the primitive society is the council of elders. It is almost universally available since a single person cannot hap tribal administration anywhere.\n\n tear down a irresponsible great power has to seek help from the advisors. In some tribes the royal council elects a successor to the king every time a king dies. This selection is based upon original customs and traditions. Most of the members of the council are the elders of the society.\n\nThe council decides by majority-votes; however, in some American Indian council the termination is always unanimous. The main functio n of the council is to advise the ruler in particular in more obscure matters.\n\nThe council is constituted on the rump of the villages, the clan or the tribe. Council of a clan includes representatives of every sub-group. The resembling type of arrangement may be found in the case of other types of councils. In some tribes members of the council are elected.\n\nThe advice of the council is respected even by the despotic kings. The king broadly esteem the opinion of the royal elders. Those a great deal violating the advice of the council cannot retain their office for a long time. Primitive political sympathies and Law\n\nThe institution of practice of faithfulness is run by a government necktie. In other words, government is that society (of administrators or representatives) which is appointed in domain to establish and maintain the jural ordination.\n\nThe work of the government is to provoke laws to carry on administration according to them and to arrange for re feree when the laws are disobeyed. In this way, the trine main functions of government are legislative, judicial and executive.\n\nIs there a government among primitive societies? opposite anthropologists have answered this question in different ways. Morgan, Maine and other anthropologists have not accepted the macrocosm of any form of government in primitive society.\n\n gibe to Dr. D.N. Majumdar, a government association can be seen among umteen another(prenominal) tribes. For practice, there is an institution of chieftaincy in most of the tribes, and this chieftain performs all the functions of the government. The institution of chieftaincy is found in some(prenominal) tribes of Assam in India.\n\nThey establish law and order in the tribe with the help of village councils. after the fundamental law of the British administration, local political institutions began to lose their influence, plainly they could not be wholly wiped out of existence. After the establishment o f village panchayats in tribal areas, tribal governments have been reestablished. There are generally two kinds of government, republic and non- republic.\n\n1. Republican government.\n\nThis form of government is mostly found among those primitive societies where people carry on the work of stash away fruits. Among these people, old and experienced persons posit law and organize justice. Panchayat leaders are generally elected and the government is run by majority votes. An example of such a type of government is found among American Indians.\n\n2. Republican administration.\n\nThis class of government includes all those administrative organizations which do not depend on a republic. Republican governments are found in societies of artless farmers and among primitive societies of low stinting standard.\n\nThere are non republican governments among societies with complicated economic organization. Examples of such administrative organizations are seen among the tribes of Africa. Some of these tribes have a strong monarchist administration and there is no leader on special cause in sure tribes.\n\nSuch do are practically the occasion of hunting or of war. Examples of monarchal administration -are found among Nagas of India. In many tribes there are chieftain-administrators.\n\nThe chieftain is hereditary in some cases and elected in others. In various tribes, his rights and duties are different. Most of the chieftains are hunters and warriors and lead the tribe on the occasions of hunting and war. These chieftains are often like kings.\n\nIn certain tribes, there are many chieftains under the control of one king. Uganda province was divided in ten districts with twelve chiefs. each district was under one chief and the remaining two chiefs acted as the kings ministers.\n\nThe government is run by the chieftains elected by the members of the tribe in most of the Indian primitive societies. In some tribes, old persons, elected by the members, to digesther form a panchayat which runs the government. Therefore, examples of both the types of government, republican and non-republican, are found here. After the establishment of British administration, the remaininggovernments among Indian tribes are altogether republican governments.\n\nRelated Articles:\n scant(p) essay on the characteristics, types and functions of the leap ritual\nEssay on the status of tribal women in matriarchal societyIf you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:

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